Are Your Ears Open Essays (1227 words) - Audiology, Cognition

Are Your Ears Open Wisdom is the reward you get for a lifetime of listening when youd have preferred to talk. (Deep and Sussman 76) Upon studying listening within another course, the vast and somewhat unclear subject began to become clearer. The act of listening entails in-depth processes that elude a majority of peoples knowledge. The act of listening involves four main parts: hearing, attention, understanding and remembering. Listening entails a vast amount of information that a majority of people does not know or understand. The common view on listening often does not even involve true listening. People often mistake hearing for listening. Just because you heard something does not necessarily mean that you were listening. While others do not even realize that listening is one step of a four-part process. While two people are involved in communication, the one receiving the message while listening formulates the next phase within their head. They miss a large percentage of what the person involved in speaking is saying (Tubbs and Moss 141). The reasons [for ineffective listening] are so obvious that they are sometimes overlooked. First, listening is mistakenly equated with hearing and since most of us can hear, no academic priority is given to this subject in college. Second, we perceive power in speech. We put a value on those who have the gift of gab. How often have you heard the compliment, He/she can talk to anyone? Additionally, we equate speaking with controlling both the conversation and the situat ion. The third and last reason we dont listen, is that we are in an ear of information overload. We are bombarded with the relevant and the irrelevant and it is easy to confuse them. Often it is all just so much noise (Koehler 543-544). The false perception of listening embodies the common view that people involved in communication often have. The first element in the listening process is hearing, which is the automatic physiological process of receiving aural stimuli. Sound waves are received by the ear and stimulate neurological impulses to the brain. Next we place these sounds in a meaningful order or sequence so that they may be recognized as words. Third, we recognize words in a pattern that constituted a language, which then helps to convey the message from the communicator to us (Brooks 82). Another major factor in peoples difficulty to maintain effective listening is the speakers rate. According to a study done by Blain Goss, the average speakers rate is between 100 and 150 words per minute (Goss 91). Our brain often utilizes this free time to daydream and not truly focus on the issue at hand. Unfortunately, when you stop talking, you sometimes start arguing mentally as another way maintains your viewpoint. Arguing mentally is like talking to yourself very, very quietly, just loud enough to keep you from listening to someone else. The second step the in enhancing verbal communication is to stop arguing mentally and seriously consider whats going on as it is happening moment by moment. Do not reflect, for thats old news. Do not start imagining, for thats somewhere that doesnt exist yet. Understand whats going on now-right now (Adler 16)! Attention, the next element within the listening process deals largely with the amount of concentration on a speakers words. Humans utilize selective attention during their everyday communication. Selective attention occurs when we attend to a certain amount of stimuli while filtering out others (Tubbs and Moss 143). A widely recognized study, called the cocktail party problem (Bostrom 11) deals directly with the use of selective attention during a party. The test uses a party scene where numerous conversations occur simultaneously. The researchers study how the subject attends to one conversation at a time, while tuning out all others. Another issue in determining the attention level is threshold. A threshold is the minimum level of stimulus intensity that enables us to pay attention (Moray 18). Attention thresholds vary depending on several key factors, including our motivational sate and arousal level. Arousal, or the level of alertness, plays a key role in a listener aptitude for paying close attention. Our specific state of arousal determines our threshold for paying close attention to stimuli. The third facet of the listening process is understanding. Understanding

Free Essays on Censorship In Music

change to be acceptable for all audiences. This does not include cable television, which can be audited by parents since the parents must order and pay for the channel to be v... Free Essays on Censorship in Music Free Essays on Censorship in Music Censorship in Music Censorship in music is a topic that has brought about much controversy in the past two decades. There have been many different arguments on the topic, however the question still remains as if it should be censored or it should not be censored. Before you can form an opinion on this, you must hear both sides of the argument on this much-debated topic. Some people believe that music should be censored so all audiences can hear it without it containing any controversial lyrics. Others believe it should not be censored and musical artists should be able to speak, sing, rap, or rhyme freely without anyone censoring them. "Whether a person finds a work obscene depends largely on his or her moral or religious beliefs. These views change with each generation and further complicate the censorship dilemma." (Censorship by, Bradley Steffens page 97) The quote above is very true. Religious or moral beliefs have a great influence on how a person feels about censorship, and as generations pass on the common beliefs on it may change. Right now, America is more uncensored than ever. However, things were very different a few generations ago. Some people believe music should be censored. They believe some of the language musical artists use is vulgar, obscene, and crude. Also the fact that music is played on medias such as radio and television, which are free to listen to by all audiences, and there are many parents that would not wish for their kids to hear foul language. So on radio and television any controversial language is either silenced, edited out by a soft sound, or some artists make two versions of their songs; one that is made for the artist's album, which is uncensored; and one for television and radio with any controversial words change to be acceptable for all audiences. This does not include cable television, which can be audited by parents since the parents must order and pay for the channel to be v... Free Essays on Censorship In Music â€Å"Congress shall make no law†¦ abridging the freedom of speech.†(United States Constitution) However, it seems almost everywhere; many forms of art are being unfairly censored. One such form that is often overlooked as art is music. â€Å"Music is probably the most censored of all art forms†(The Economist; p 73) There are hundreds of artists who have been unfairly censored, ranging from popular music from artists such as Eminem, 2 Live Crew, and NWA, to classical music, such as Mozart’s Figaro. However unfair and unconstitutional this censorship is, the fact is that questionable music and lyrics are encouraging impressionable young children to follow their messages. Rappers like DMX or NWA, preaching gang violence often are â€Å"the straw that breaks the camel’s back,† and finally pushes a child looking for guidance into the world of gangs. The truth is that these children need to be protected from the harsh realities of the world surround ing them, but is censoring music the right way to do it? â€Å"No corporation can exist without authority of government. Government shouldn’t allow corporations that infect and contaminate the minds of children to be allowed to exist.† (Dr. C. Delores Tucker before senate subcommittee). This is one solution that seems to make good sense to many to support the censorship of music. Music of artists such as NWA, who urges their listners to say, â€Å"F*ck the Police,† or Eminem, who says he’ll â€Å"Kill You,† surround children, especially in urban areas. This type of music encourages children to get into drugs and gang violence. In the past eight years, the period in which â€Å"gangsta† rap has been heavily promoted, teenage drug use has increased more than four-fold (Dr. C Delores Tucker). The government is the underlying power that allows corporations to send messages like these to children, and the government is the only resource we can use to stop it. â€Å"Young people often look to performin. ..

Facebook’s Initial Public Offering The WritePass Journal

Facebook’s Initial Public Offering The reasons for Facebook to go public Facebook’s Initial Public Offering ). It is clear that Facebook’s decision to go public through an initial public offering (IPO) was not the same as the common reasons of firms when they undertake the same decision, which is to draw more revenues (Palmiter, 2008). However, in the long run, Facebook also aimed to access external financing as a result of IPO (Sloan, 2012). The reasons for companies to go public beyond their need for more money are enhanced financial condition, ability to cash out, improved corporate reputation, and improved opportunity for future acquisition (Peng, 2012). The dollar objective of every company in relation to the amount expected to be raised via IPO The dollar objectives of companies entering IPOs for increased revenue purposes are to develop reserves and increase external funds (Vedavalli, 2007; Sullivan, 2007), access capital (Dana, 2004; Ernst and Hacker, 2012), improve financial condition, increase shareholder value, and improve capital to sustain growth (Ernst and Hacker, 2012). In Facebook’s case, its stock price dwindled as there were concerns about its overpriced IPO and long-term business outlook and lost around $ 25 billion in value (Kuratko, 2012). The expected use of the money raised by IPO One expected use of the money raised by IPO is retiring from debt, in which, it is necessary to pay close attention to the company’s financial data and overall growth prospects. Another is enjoyment of the proceeds by the owners of the shares, especially for the sale of secondary shares. Moreover, sold primary shares (newly created shares) from an IPO increase revenue to the companies’ accounts (Khurshed, 2011). In the case of Facebook, the company raised a large amount of money, which has amounted to $ 18 billion. In actuality, there was no increase in the number of shares it sold to the public; instead, most of the new shares were from Zuckerberg, and such was considered not a good sign (Khurshed, 2011). References Dana, L. (2004) Handbook of research on international entrepreneurship. Glos, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. Ernst, D. and Hacker, J. (2012). Applied international corporate finance. Berlin: Verlag Franz Vahlen GmbH. Khurshed, A. (2011). Initial public offerings: The mechanics and performance of IPOs. First Edition. Hampshire: Harriman House Ltd. Kuratko, D. F. (2012) Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, practice. NJ: John Wiley Sons. Peng, M. W. (2012). Global strategy. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Sloan, P. (2012). Three reasons Facebook has to go public. Retrieved on December 3, 2013 from http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57368449-93/three-reasons-facebook-has-to-go-public/ Sullivan, L. R. (2007). Historical dictionary of the People’s Republic of China. Maryland: A Scarecrow Press, Inc. Vedavalli, R. (2007). Energy for development: Twenty-first century challenges of reform and liberalization in developing countries. London: Anthem Press.

Complete, 4-Step Email List Building Strategy For Success

Complete, 4-Step Email List Building Strategy For Success Over here we have the goal: I want to make tons of money from my online business. And over here we have the reality: I have a website. I’m making some money, but I wouldn’t call it â€Å"success† just yet. The question you have been wrestling with for months now is, â€Å"How do I get from my reality to my goal?† Or in other words How do you turn your website into a real money-maker? If you’ve been been in the blogging game very long, or if you’ve simply read 10 total marketing articles at any point in the last 5 years, you know that the money is in your email list.  Email marketing has the highest ROI  of any marketing channel, and for content producers, its your #1 source of traffic, social shares, and revenue. The Complete, 4-Step #Email List Building Strategy That Will Make You Successful via @jmcmillen89There are many places you can go for email list building  tips. Here’s a great list of 21 ways to build your email list. But articles like these require you to have a competent system already in place AND to understand what you are ultimately trying to do with that system. Today, we are going to go through the full process from start to finish- everything you need from email list creation to effective monetization. The basic process looks like this: I’m going to show you how YOU can implement this process without any outside help whatsoever. For those of you who like to skip the tinkering or take things to the next level, there’s a special offer  for you at the end. Let’s start with Step 1 of your email list building strategy. Step #1: Create Your Email List This is the easiest step, but how many of you reading this have yet to start your list, because... research. You don’t want to select the wrong provider or you don’t want to spend money and then not put the work in. Well guess what? I’m solving both of those problems for you right now. If you’ve been waiting for a solid beginner email provider, go ahead and click here  to immediately start your FREE account with MailChimp. There’s no costs until you reach a handsomely monetizable 2,000 email subscribers. Problem solved. Now, select â€Å"Lists† in the top bar and then click â€Å"Create List†. Fill in a few admin details, and BAM, you’re done! Now that you have your list, let’s move on to tricking out your website for email collection. Step #2: Optimize Your Website For Email Collection This is where you  get to have some fun, at least, if you're anything like me. If you want your website to perform as a business funnel, your highest core value should be simplicity. Think simple and then think simpler. Simple design Single goal Necessary features only If you want to build a serious email list, that list has to be one of the #1 goals of your website. And on that note, immediately axe EVERY feature that doesn’t facilitate email signups. (If you can sell to your customers immediately via product trials or e-commerce, those are great features to keep around.) There’s a only a handful of features you  need to collect email effectively: Some form of compelling lead magnet Above-the-fold email opt-in CTA Email opt-in popup End-of-content email opt-in Let’s take a closer look at each of these. Recommended Reading:  How To Blog With As Little As Possible Create a compelling lead magnet. While some users will like your content so much, they will simply hand over their email address, these users are the exception rather than the rule. You need to have a few cards up your sleeve that will compel visitors to become subscribers. You need to have something valuable that you can freely offer visitors in exchange for their email address. These are called â€Å"lead magnets†. A great example can be found right here at , which uses its restricted-access resource library to invite readers like you to become subscribers. Check out 's resource library as an example of a compelling lead magnet. Just look at the top of your screen. See the light blue bar that says â€Å"Get 60+ Free Resources Now!†? Yep, that’s a lead magnet. There is virtually no limit to what you can use as a lead magnet: Restricted resource library Topical e-book Collection of templates Exclusive content only given to subscribers Audio or video downloads Email course training series Checklist PDFs Software tool access etc. When evaluating something as a potential lead magnet, it needs to answer â€Å"Yes† to two  vitally important questions: Is this something my marketing target audience would LOVE and no one else would really care about? Is this something that can be automatically distributed upon signup and doesn’t incur marginal cost at my expense? Virtually everyone wants a free laptop, but giving out laptops in exchange for email addresses breaks both or these rules. People who have zero interest in your website’s topic/product will claim the laptop with zero return on your investment, and the marginal cost of purchasing a laptop per subscriber is an insanely inefficient way to collect email addresses. Pick something that answers â€Å"Yes† to both the above questions, and you’ll be good to go. Place an email opt-in CTA above the fold. When we are discussing a desktop setup, your above-the-fold real estate is by far the most valuable. It absolutely must include a CTA that leads to email signup or information collection of some nature. A great example of this is Noah Kagan’s blog OkDork. As soon as you show up on the home page, you are immediately propositioned for your email address in exchange for Noah’s lead magnet. The entry box gives visitors a no-friction, one-click way to give you their email. Noah’s company SumoMe  recently released an application called Welcome Mat  that helps  you to implement this exact same technique on any website, landing page or blog. Here’s an example of the free version in action on my men’s blog. This is my homepage hero shot: You’ll notice I already have an opt-in form above the fold at the top of the right sidebar. I’m using this simple MailChimp for WordPress plugin, which can be inserted via the widget area of your WordPress dashboard. When Welcome Mat is installed, the following screen immediately drops down for new users visiting my website: This not only allows me to collect email, but it also gives me a chance to immediately hit users with a targeted value proposition. Visitors who show up to my site and resonate with â€Å"taking an honest look at manhood†, are more likely to subscribe or continue reading and subscribe later. Collect emails above the fold with immediate value propositions. Here's how. #listbuildingAs a final example, I want to address the freelancers and direct-service providers among you who are wanting to build your email, but honestly, your biggest priority is direct contact for currently interested clients. I feel you. I’m in a similar boat. I help business owners do a lot of what I’m talking to you about in this article, but at level 1,000. Here’s how I handle those dual goals. This is my services landing page: The red button takes visitors through my sales pitch, which will end in a request for their email. The green button takes visitors directly to the form where they give me their email. Since I am focusing on lead generation here, this strategy won’t be as effective for scaling out a massive email list as what I’ve discussed above. However, I am still acquiring a list of SUPER targeted emails of people interested in my services who I can retarget at a later date or invite to view my blog content. Have segmented  #emaillists based on your goals to really drive conversions.Create an email opt-in popup Let’s be honest. No one really thinks about popups with fond thoughts and fuzzy memories. Except website owners interested in collecting emails. Those gals and guys LOVE popups, because they work. They really, really, really  work. In fact, I doubt you can find a single, high-traffic marketing blog that doesn’t currently use popups. I’m using- you guessed it- SumoMe’s free popup application: Since installing this simple popup, my subscription rate has doubled. I’ve had 2x the subscribers over this last year as I did before, and I have probably posted half as much content this year as I did the year before. Popups work. Since I’m using the free version, I am unable to offer a lead magnet within my popup, but if I were to upgrade, I could display something like this, which would probably improve my signup rate even further: If you want to install SumoMe’s Listbuilder popup application, simply follow the directions here. Create email signup opportunities at the end of your content. You probably already know this, but most visitors to your blog posts won’t read the full post. Maybe they will skim and maybe they will just read a few points and leave. If they make it all the way to the end, they are â€Å"picking up what you’re putting down†. This is a golden opportunity for you to capture these casual visitors into your email list â€Å"fold†. Don’t waste it! Include a signup opportunity at the end of every post. There is an easy way to do this with a moderate return, and then there is a more difficult- AKA  time consuming- way to do this that will net you a much higher return. The easy way involves nothing more than including a signup form at the end of each post, like this: ... OR offering your standard lead magnet, like this example from CoachTube: Simply create a graphic like the one from CoachTube  and display it at the end of your post with a link to your email signup page. That’s the easy way. The more difficult way is to make a different lead magnet for every single one of your posts. This is called a â€Å"content upgrade†, and it gets better results because it is directly related to what your visitors were just reading about. Note: By the way, there's a content upgrade in this post right in the introduction to help convert visitors into subscribers right away. has seen this as an excellent way to turn organic traffic into long-term, engaged subscribers. Here’s an example from Brian Dean’s blog Backlinko: Content upgrades have been the primary fuel in the emergence of several new leading blogs in the marketing blogosphere. I’ve seen case study after case study of unbelievable results. While it requires a bigger investment on your part, It’s worth giving this strategy a try. To learn more about posting content upgrades, check out Bryan Harris’ guide. Step #3. Implement Email Marketing Within Your Content Strategy While email is your best single tool for building an audience, it’s still just one piece of your content strategy. Your overall content strategy should be targeting your desired audience via recurring, well-promoted content that gets people to you website and into position for email capture. If you aren’t getting people to your site, you won’t be getting any email signups. Recommended Reading:  How To Publish More Consistent Content That Will Help You Grow A Successful Blog Fortunately, your email list can play the star role in getting traffic to your website. Sometimes, people overcomplicate the email marketing process. They get scared of sending too many emails and wait too long to contact their audience, or they aren’t really sure what to write, so they just throw a bunch of stuff in. Before I describe a ridiculously simple (yet effective) way to run your email marketing, let’s review our goals. The goal of any content marketing campaign is twofold: Build an audience of people interested in your chosen topic. Build trust within that audience and an expectation of quality from your brand. We want everyone who comes into contact with your brand to think, â€Å"Wow, they don’t mess around. That was good stuff.† We DON’T want people subconsciously   thinking, â€Å"I’ve seen this 100 times before. You think I’m going to buy your paid product when this free stuff is so weak?† Now that we’ve established our goal, let’s look at how email can play a part. Here’s a ridiculously simple, beginner strategy for email marketing that will get your content some great results. Anytime you publish a new blog post, send out the following email: Subject line: â€Å"Compelling headline meant to grab maximum email opens† (check out 's headline analyzer for some help.) Header image taken from published post. Short introduction setting up a hook to get people to your post. Link to your post. Button(s) to click for instant shares. It’s that simple. Check out this example: How easy is that? And guess how well this hopelessly simple email performed? I will take 50% opens and 30% clicks every day of the week. Don’t overcomplicate this. Your emails don’t need to be complicated to be effective. In fact, they should be decidedly uncomplicated. Now that we’ve identified a simple template for each individual email, how should we incorporate these emails into a fuller content strategy? I’m glad you asked. Again, this is a baseline strategy anyone can do and everyone should be doing (at minimum). I’ve found from working with countless clients over the years that many bloggers have trouble finding a repeatable process off which to base their content strategy, so I’m condensing it into a few simple tips. Publish your blog between 12 p.m. and 5 a.m. ET. The easiest way to do this is to schedule it to automatically publish via WordPress, or if you’ve made the incredibly wise decision to get a subscription, you can schedule posts easily  through their dashboard. Recommended Reading:  When Is The Best Time To Publish A Blog Post? Schedule an email to go out the day your post goes live. The specific time will vary based on your topic and audience. For weekday posts, I’d recommend sending out emails around 7 a.m. ET, as that will put your content at the top of most readers’ inboxes when they either get to work or check their emails before  work. Promote your content across social channels. You can do this manually, or, if you have a account, you can automatically schedule postings across your networks AND repostings at later dates. These three tips  are  a great beginning baseline if you aren’t already doing it for each new post. Step #4. Monetize Your Email List I want to quickly take you through all four email monetization strategies, because they’re worth knowing and you can achieve big wins with each one. Sell affiliate offers to your list. Sell advertising placement in your â€Å"newsletter†. Make your email newsletter a paid subscription. Sell your own product. Let’s start with the first email list building monetization strategy. Sell affiliate offers to your email list. Affiliate marketing is as old as the Web itself. It made millionaires in the late-90’s/early-2000’s, back when lots of people  who stumbled online were becoming millionaires. Today, you are far more likely to be sold an expensive course on becoming a millionaire affiliate marketer than you are to actually become one yourself. It’s not that affiliate marketing can’t work, it’s just a much less efficient way to make money than creating and selling your own product. Furthermore, you typically have no control over the quality or customer service attached to an affiliate product, so you risk losing trust every time a subscriber makes a purchase. The BIG exception and the RIGHT way to implement affiliate marketing is to select a few products/services you trust that generate RESIDUAL income. Here’s the only example you really need to know. Pat Flynn is considered a veritable influencer  in the marketing blogosphere. You’ve almost definitely heard of him, and you most likely read his blog. Pat made $116,891.83 last August. That number may boggle your mind at first glance, but let’s take a look at the numbers: Pat earned revenue from 13 total affiliate offers. His affiliate earnings made up 72% of his total income for the month of August. But most significantly, Pat made 55% of his entire August revenue from just two offers. Both these offers, Bluehost and LeadPages, are subscription-based services, meaning every time Pat signs up a new customer, he begins getting paid on a monthly basis for as long as that customer remains a customer. Pat has been selling Bluehost website hosting since at least March 2010. When he first began referring Bluehost, it accounted for less than 8% of his monthly revenue, but after 5 years of accumulating referred users, he is collecting monthly checks worth 40% of his total revenue from just this one referral. Now, it’s your turn. Pick a subscription-based service that meets the following criteria: You already love it. It’s a no-brainer for your customers. It's intended to be used indefinitely. Slap that referral link into your next email and talk it up big to your email subscribers. You should also create a targeted landing page (like this)  on your website, pitching your visitors. Boom. Done. Sell ad placements on your â€Å"newsletter†. I place â€Å"newsletter† in quotes because your emails really shouldn’t look like a traditional newsletter, and I’m a stickler for semantics. Quirks aside, I’m not really talking about banner-style ads here. Banner ads are tacky in a newsletter, and it’s not really what your customers subscribed for. Paid ad placement in your newsletter should look a lot like affiliate marketing, with the primary difference being you are getting paid to place rather than paid based on subscriber engagement. Have you considered including native advertising in your email newsletters?This works particularly well with niche newsletters, because the smaller the market, the more valuable it is for a new brand to get its name in front of relevant viewers. How do you get such placements? Sorry, the answer is direct sales. Pick 10 brands in your niche, and email them something like, â€Å"I have 1,000 email subscribers centered around your niche, and I think they would be very interested in learning more about [brand]. I’d love to discuss running a [brand] promotion in an upcoming newsletter.† It’s really that simple. What brand doesn’t want to be promoted? From there, it’s just a matter of negotiating payment. Make your email newsletter a  paid subscription. I’m including this one because it’s a relevant option, but I wouldn’t recommend you try it as your core email list building monetization strategy. People are very used to being asked for their email in exchange for content, and they are becoming increasingly hesitant to give that email address away. If you have the audacity to ask for money in exchange for your emails, your email content better include the following: Highly valuable, world-class type content. Exclusive content that can ONLY be found via your email list. Unless your newsletter is offering in-demand content that can’t be found anywhere else, this strategy could be a bit difficult to implement super successfully. Create and sell your own product. This is, in my opinion, the best strategy for monetizing your email list.  Create a product and sell it to your list. That’s it. That’s the goal. You should be aspiring to do this, and then you should stop aspiring and just do it... now. As Jeff Walker  says, â€Å"The best way to launch a product is to build an email list, and the best way to build an email list is to launch a product.† But why is this the best monetization strategy? Higher margins: There’s no middle man when it’s your product. Better targeting:  Your audience can tell you exactly what they want. Life-time value:  You retain all customer behavior data, allowing for much more effective retargeting and upsells over the customer’s lifetime. Follow these tips  in order to do it right: Collaborate with subscribers on identifying a product they want Create the product. Pre-sell the product. Launch the product. Improve the product. Let’s walk our way through a basic version of this process. Collaborate The easiest way to create a product people want is to ask them what they want. Brainstorm a few possible product ideas and ask your subscribers to give you feedback on what they like/dislike about them. Ask them specifically if they would consider buying each option. Once you’ve found an idea people are really into- preferably one that doesn’t require significant investment for your first attempt- it’s time to create. Recommended Reading:  5 Easy Lead Conversion Tips For Your Email Marketing Program A great example for beginners would be an info-product like an e-book. Create Product creation is a massively complex topic outside the scope of this post. For the purpose of this article, let’s just say you're creating an e-book. Here a few keys to compeleting an e-book that doesn’t suck: Create an outline first. Set unchangeable deadlines for each section in your outline. Write the dang thing. Supplement each point with facts/case-studies/examples/data of some kind. Don’t check â€Å"done† until it’s something you would pay to read. Next. Pre-Sell Never â€Å"cold sell† to your email list. You should always pre-sell before you sell. This process is intended to prime your audience for your product by getting them thinking very heavily about the problem your product solves. Send emails and write posts discussing this problem. Discuss beginner-level strategies for solving that problem. Talk about how you’ve solved it using your product or the information contained in the product. And then close... Launch Now it’s time to actually launch the product. The key to a successful product launch is getting all hands on deck. Get everyone you know with a relevant audience to help you promote your launch. Call in every favor. Get your product in front of every possible channel. Recommended Reading:  How Will Outreach Marketing Make Your Blog More Successful? It’s dangerous to go alone. Your product launch is the time to promote. A lot. Put the work in to create something you’re proud of and then share it with the world. Improve Your launch is just the beginning of your product. Get feedback, improve your product, and keep marketing it. How Will You Improve Your Email List Building Strategy? We’ve covered quite a bit of ground in today’s post. If you’re still reading, you are most likely serious about implementing an effective email list building strategy  via your website. Having helped numerous clients through this process (my last client went from 500–10,000 subscribers in two months), I can tell you that  these are super important steps for successful implementation: Create your list: Anyone can do this with zero help. Just follow the instructions in this post. Optimize your site: If you're willing to take the time to tinker, test, and tweak, anyone can set up their website for email optimization using the method I described in this article. You will need to familiarize yourself with copywriting and conversion rate optimization in order to properly utilize the tools I showed you, but you can absolutely do it yourself.  If you’d prefer to just have a pro do it for you, I’m offering a special setup rate for readers here. Run your content strategy:  Unless you have some big bucks to shell out, you will need to do the bulk of this on your own.   is a great resource for actually running a successful content strategy. Launch your product: Product launches are extremely technical and entail a lot of moving parts. I wouldn’t recommend doing your first launch by yourself. One client I worked with had 150,000 social followers but virtually zero website engagement. I gave his team a content strategy, and within two weeks, they had a blog generating 4k shares per article and nearly 100 comments per post. I’m offering a one-time, discounted rate for readers who would like me to map out a step-by-step strategy  for them. If you want to try it solo anyway, go get ‘em cowboy! You’ll want to follow Bryan Harris’ outline for his first product launch. Thanks for taking the time to read, learn, and grow as a blogger or online business owner. Like you, the world of online business never ceases to amaze and fascinate me. Feel free to ask a question or leave a comment, and if you enjoyed this article, don’t hesitate to give it a share!

To critique a research article from a professional journal Essay

To critique a research article from a professional journal - Essay Example is historical, perhaps in memory of the role of hygiene in preventing the spread of infectious diseases based on the experiences of Snow and Chadwick in 19th century London (Course Notes). The second may well be described as a curious interest on a topic so basic but commonly neglected – even in a country like Switzerland that is known for being fastidious about cleanliness – as to be ironic. These made the article an entertaining and educational read and increased the author’s appreciation of evidence-based practice, or EBP, in the medical field. As defined by Sackett, et al. (1996), EBP is â€Å"the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.† When medical practitioners and health care professionals learn to combine in a balanced way what they learn from clinical experience and research findings, they are able to improve the knowledge of their profession so as to practice it in the best way possible for their patient’s benefit. Learning to critique a research paper is an important part of this process of improvement because it trains the practitioner to discern which of the prodigious amounts of information or evidence are useful and, at the same time, helpful for the patient. We first look at the question, the answer to which is the rationale for the research study. We then proceed to critique the different parts of the paper and end with a set of recommendations. Most social research begins with a general problem that needs to be narrowed down to a specific research question that can be addressed in a single study. Any reader of a paper that clearly attempts to answer the basic question: â€Å"why do physicians fail to practice good hand hygiene? (Pittet et al. 2004, 2)† will initially register a degree of shock and ask, â€Å"What? Doctors do not wash their hands?† The article’s background reveals that a specific problem was identified – less than half of the

Litterature 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Litterature 2 - Essay Example This story is very engaging due to the fact that Baden does not only show actions; he inserts necessary inner thoughts of the narrator into the story line. Life and death are two central in the story as they are applied to the appropriate context. The plot is designed in a way to make the appearance of death unexpected. The closeness to death makes the feeling of suspense very intense. Defeated expectancy effect which creates the culmination renders the feeling of horror and despair. The story has a complex narrator. Obviously, it is told as a memory of the grown up narrator about his years in military. Differences between memories and present day comments can be identified by the use of tense. Recollections are written in the past tense while comments are inserted in the present tense. For instance, one can see this difference in the lines â€Å"At the time I was often preoccupied with my physical appearance† and â€Å"Until today I wonder just how during this time of fighting they had the time to greet me with smiles that I’ll never forget† (Baden). They correspond to different layers of time mixed in the story. The essay is told from the perspective of young and inexperienced soldier who takes the same position as the reader in the story. Limited narrative perspective intensifies feelings it evokes. Moreover, it helps to identify with the narrator in the story and participate in it for the reader. Increased attention to the green socks which attracted the attention of the narrator makes this effect even more dramatic. People do not talk about the dead in this way. The focus on this little detail shows makes all readers feel confidents that the soldiers are alive. Moreover, the socks are perceived as rather annoying objects because they are too bright for the gloomy and dark environment. The descriptions of the setting are very masculine. They are minimalistic in details and very laconic in verbal representation if

Social Networking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Networking - Research Paper Example There is a long list of things one can delve on social networking sites; for example, keeping in touch with family and friends, being "nosey", expressing personal opinions and views, meeting people with similar interests, and also for specific and distinct reasons like documenting trips, availing of opportunities to date, and sharing photographs, music, video clips, and other endeavors. In this regard, the essay aims to find out everything there is to know about social networking and the ethical issues that relate to it. The discourse would initially trace its origin, define social networking, identify the pros and cons of being involved in these sites, and determine the ethical issues pervading social networking sites (SNSs). Finally, policy recommendation pertinent to major ethical principles seen to be applicable in social networking sites would be proffered. Social Networking: Ethical Issues Reviewed Contemporary generation has joined the bandwagon of active participants in socia l networking sites (SNSs) that one wonders if all users really know its origin and the intricate details that envelope its existence. For sure, today’s social network patronizers could not even imagine a world without SNSs. Just like any organizational structure, SNSs are bound by ethical standards and codes of moral conduct and discipline that participants are expected to adhere to and that SNSs themselves, are obliged to comply. The current research aims to find out everything there is to know about social networking and the ethical issues that relate to it. The discourse would initially trace its origin, define social networking, identify the pros and cons of being involved in these sites, and determine the ethical issues pervading social networking sites (SNSs). Finally, policy recommendation pertinent to major ethical principles seen to be applicable in social networking sites would be proffered. Historical Background In a study conducted by Boyd and Ellison (2007), the origin of SNS, first recognizable, was traced in 1997, through the efforts and creative design of SixDegrees.com. As averred, â€Å"SixDegrees.com allowed users to create profiles, list their Friends and, beginning in 1998, surf the Friends lists† (Boyd & Ellison, 2007, par. 15). On the other hand, Davies (2010) presented an even earlier discovery of SNSs historical beginnings with a social media site reported to be created by Randy Conrad, Classmates.com, where the website’s aim was to help â€Å"helps members find, connect and keep in touch with friends and acquaintances from school life. Classmates has more than 40 million active members in the US and Canada. In early 2008, Nielson Online ranked Classmates as number 3 in unique monthly visitors among social networking sites† (Davies, 2011, par. 2). The figure below illustrates historical date lines of major SNSs as presented by Boyd and Ellison (2007, par. 19): Source: Boyd and Ellison (2007) After 2006, Davi es’ timeline indicate that the newest addition to the SNSs was Google.com/buzz, which as reportedly designed â€Å"to integrate the googles web-based program, G-mail. Shared links and messages show up in the user’s inbox. Buzz focuses on  integrating  photos, videos and links as part of the â€Å"conversations† aspects of G-mail like conversation threading† (Davies, 2011, par. 10). Definitions of SNSs Boyd and Ellison (2007) defined SNSs as â€Å"web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others

Advantages of Database Management Systems over Traditional File Proces Essay

Advantages of Database Management Systems over Traditional File Processing Systems - Essay Example The file-based system also faces problems of security & integrity. The concept of database and the Database Management System (DMS) was introduced in order to overcome the limitations of the file-based approach. A database is a collection of interrelated data. The primary aim of the database is to provide a way to store and retrieve database information in a fast and efficient manner. (Seltzer, 2008) 5) Improved security: A database provides security to users in the form of username and passwords. Additional levels of security are also possible. It can identify the user type and accordingly provide them permission for retrieval, insertion, updating and deletion of data. (Jain, 2005) 6) Enforcement of standards: The integration of the database sets in place the standards for data formats, naming conventions, documentation standards, update procedures and access rules. Same standards for the data make it easier to access it & save a lot of time. 12) In a file-based system, each user defines his own constraints and sets his own rules for defining the data. Whereas in a database approach, a single repository of data is created which is accessed by multiple users. A database not only contains data but also contains the description of a database structure. This is also called ‘metadata’ ( data about data ). (Hoffer, 2007) 2) Higher impact of a failure as compared to a File-based System: The database approach increases the vulnerability of the system due to the centralization. As all users and applications rely on the database availability, the failure of any component can bring operations to a halt and affect the services to the customer seriously. (Thomas M. Connolly, 2004)  Ã‚  

The Outside of the Solar System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Outside of the Solar System - Essay Example M91 has long been considered as a â€Å"missing† object and astronomers and historians hypothesized that it might be the NGC 4571, a passing comet, or a duplicate observation of M58. It was William C. Williams, an amateur astronomer from Texas, who found out that NGC 4548 fit Messier’s description and position for M91 and should be applied for M88 and not for M58 (French, 57).  In addition, galaxies such as NGC 4516, IC 3476, and NGC 4571, were also described in the article. NGC 4516 is a little galaxy which is located 8’ north of an imaginary line connecting M88 and M91. It has a very small glow elongated north-south and a small core with a distinct nucleus at the center of a shallow S curve. IC 3476 is an intriguing galaxy that rests 4.4†² east of the northern star, displays a lumpy brightness distribution and peculiar shape, and a relatively large, blotchy, bright area wide end. It surprised astronomers with a super nova in 1970 and has been assigned a morphological type of IB(s)m (French, 58). Lastly, NGC 4571 is a SA(r)c-type galaxy which rests on 28†² southeast of M91 and appears roundish with a small brighter core. All of these galaxies rests on the core of the Virgo cluster and are some of the reasons why heavens are sparkling with amazements.  The article summarized above relates to the Astronomy Course Content in terms of studying how far the stars or galaxies are, description of stellar nurseries, and exploring other galaxies aside from the Milky Way. One would have noticed that distances were stated in the article.

Kant’s view of freedom Essay Example for Free

Kant’s view of freedom Essay According to The Philosophers lighthouse, Immanuel Kant challenges the idea of freedom generally, saying that it cannot be proven that freedom is inherent in human nature. According to him freedom is a basic concept that must be presupposed for a being to be thought of as rational. He also says that there is a close knit relationship between our thinking on freedom and morality, he says that freedom is present because we have placed upon ourselves moral laws and are confident in their compliance, and that moral laws are present because we have placed upon ourselves the privilege of free will. Therefore, one exists precisely because of the other.   Kant also questions the extent of individual freedom in the presence of a superior power. He was alluding to the argument that complete freedom is to be found within the mental faculty, as one cannot be stopped from thinking within his mind. However Kant challenges this perceived ability of man think for himself, questioning how much and how well man would think, without communicating their thoughts with others. Am much as one might hold an opinion about something, the state might restrict him from expressing this opinion which will negate the purpose of having the opinion in the first place. Therefore as one might argue that their freedom to think cannot be curtailed by a superior power, Kant draws to attention the possibility of the power restricting the individual’s freedom to communicate, which he portrays as having central influence on their thinking. (Cline, 2006) Kant seems to stress here that complete autonomy or freedom is to an extent unattainable, as the one form of personal will that is clearly out of reach of which ever power there might be, freedom of thought, is still under the influence of the same state, albeit indirectly, and concludes with the remark, Freedom is, therefore, only an idea of reason whose objective reality is in itself questionable.   Hegel’s view on freedom Hegel’s take on freedom is that it is the destination of historical human progression, starting with bondage and which is based on rational consciousness. It is where the individuals’ subjective desires are integrated with the desires of the state, where individual will is inferior to that of the state. Hegel demonstrated this theory of freedom by dividing history into three phases, starting with the orient phase wherein only the ruler was free and all other subjects were inferior to him. The people in this period according to him are not aware of the freedom of their spirit, and because of this ignorance, they are not free. Hegel might have been alluding to the emperors of ancient China The second stage, an example of the Greek and Roman civilizations, is where some members of the community, besides the ruler, were free. However in this phase there are certain exceptions to this freedom, citizens are free, slaves are not. The slaves understood this accepted it, as did the Romans. Thus, as in the orient phase, freedom was limited for these people not only because of not having information, but also having the wrong information. The third phase started with the early Christians, who recognized that all humans are free by virtue of being simply human, and through their evangelism spread the knowledge of this ‘freedom for all concept’. This is stage is evident today in contemporary societies, especially democracies which have fundamental freedoms within their constitutions. (Urmson and Jonathan RÃÆ' ©e, 1991) Marx’s view on freedom Marx’s thoughts are predominantly in an economic context, wherein he examines social systems that curtail or encourage personal freedoms. Marx laid out his thoughts in two scenarios.   First, he examines the capitalist society, and its effect on the freedom of the people. According to him, capitalism is a social system that involves workers who ca supply labour and capital owners who employ the workers. These capital owners, due to their economic status also influence the power structure of the state, ensuring that they get the best labour at the cheapest cost from the workers, which in turn means that the workers are completely dependent on the capital owners, as they cannot raise enough to obtain capital of their own. This position taken by Marx portrays capitalism as a social system that is counterproductive as far as propagating human freedom is concerned. He stresses that the workers cannot enjoy any freedom as long as their economic well being is not within their control. The worst evil according to Marx is the illusion that one is actually benefiting oneself when working whereas in reality he is just enriching his employer. Marx then contrasts capitalism with communism, in which the people collectively own the means of production and resources required. He pointed that in this setting one could go about work without the fear of being exploited. Communism, also overcame the problem of monotony characteristic of the capitalist system. (Hallas, 2002) Obstacles to be overcomeKant As mentioned earlier, Kant placed significant importance in the relationship between morality and freedom. Therefore to ensure freedom for all, emphasis is should be placed on the content of our moral codes, its uniformity and objectivity. This is best illustrated when the morals of one community differ significantly with that of another in which there might arise conflict when the more powerful community, either economically or otherwise tries to impose it morals on the other. This would be an infringement of the latter’s freedom. Checks also have to put on the state to guard against its involvement in the private freedoms of its citizens, as Kant acknowledged that the state is in a position of absolute power and can deny its subjects their freedoms. Hegel Hegel’s biggest obstacle to freedom as can be seen in his theory of history is information. True freedom keightwill always prove to be elusive for as long as the person concerned does not understand and appreciate his right to freedom. In most cases that individual’s freedom is being abused there is a lot of ignorance on the part of the abused. This ignorance may be voluntary or induced, is which the superior power will deliberately keep the subjects in the dark to ensure that they never harbor any thoughts of autonomy. Any effort to liberate those suffering oppression should specifically target their education on their right to freedom, as this will ensure that they have the capacity to demand for their freedom.   Marx Kamala Sarup in her article Capitalism Vs Communism: Lessons From History, expresses Marxs case as more complicated as both of his insights have negative and positive elements. On the one hand, capitalism is known to increase the entire community’s wellbeing through the incentive of competition, and one receives benefits proportional to their contribution. When one is working exclusively for one’s sake, he is bound to work harder. To remove the risk of contradiction, even when employed one still enjoys the his entire effort by himself however meager the pay may be. This is in contrast to communism, wherein the production is shared equally among all the people irrespective of their contribution to production, a situation which might lead to some people living off the effort of others. On the other hand capitalism often results in the majority of the resources being distributed amongst a few individuals, a situation that is effectively taken care of in a communist arrangement. The best policy is therefore a mixed society, where all or most of the advantages of both systems can be inculcated.   Ã‚  Conclusion The best strategy according to me appears to be Hegel’s approach. This is because Kant’s method appears to be too vague and technical for common people to grasp whereas Marx’s is filled with contradictions that could potentially complicate efforts to establish freedom for all. In addition, Hegel’s solution seems to answer the questions raised about by the other two theorists or example, informed communities are better placed to evaluate reform and formulate their moral codes, which according to Kant are interdependent with freedom. Informed people can also identify instances when the state infringes in their right to freedom and take the necessary steps to rectify the situation. An informed society will also be able to decide on relative benefits and costs of each of the systems discussed by Marx to come up with one that is comprehensive and takes into consideration the needs of all parties concerned. References Cline, Austin. Your Guide to Agnosticism/Atheism.  Ã‚   http://atheism.about.com/od/weeklyquotes/a/kant01.htm Hallas, Duncan. The legacy of Karl Marx Viewed on 15th March, 2008 http://www.socialistworker.org/2002-2/423/423_08_HallasOnMarx.shtm The philosophers’ lighthouse. Hegel’s thoughts on freedom. Viewed on 15th March, 2008 : http://library.thinkquest.org/18775/hegel/freeh.htm The philosophers’ lighthouse. Kant’s thoughts on freedom. Viewed on 15th March, 2008 : http://library.thinkquest.org/18775/kant/freek.htm Urmson, J. O. and Jonathan RÃÆ' ©e, (1991) ed. The Concise Encyclopedia of Western Philosophy and Philosophers.   London: Unman Hyman. Capitalism Vs Communism: Lessons From History. Viewed on 15th March, 2008   http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL0504/S00007.htm

Does Rehabilitation Of Prisoners Work Criminology Essay

Does Rehabilitation Of Prisoners Work Criminology Essay Does the rehabilitations works in prisons? And what is the effect of prisoners who have treated with rehabilitation system? There is no one has not done mistake in his life. Some of these mistakes are deserve the person to be arrested, whereas some of them are not. In addition, the prisoners are already paying from their fault by being in the prison. So, why do not we prepare and rehabilitate them to start better and new life when they finish their period of prison. Moreover, every country has its own rehabilitation system. In this project I will outline the rehabilitation system and what extend does the rehabilitation system help with reintegration of prisoners in to society. (Chris Sherwood , 2010) According to Princeton Universitys WordNet, rehabilitation is restoring someone to a useful place in society. As such, a rehabilitation centre is a location in which rehabilitation can occur. People get displaced from society for a variety of reasons. Some may experience an accident or i llness that temporarily makes them unable to function the way they used to. Others may have an addiction that handicaps them. A rehabilitation centre provides a support system to help restore people to their place in society. Nowadays, the prison is relatively social experiment which started in 200 years ago. Before that time it was not sentence of imprisonment. The prison is the place to hold the people who had been convicted. (DAVIES, 2010) basically, every country has their own treatment of there prisoners some of them treating aggressively whereas, some of them treating nicely which is followed by prisoners rights. In this essay I will investigate the prisoners in Egypt and Jordan and I will compare them with prisoners of United Kingdom. Nowadays, many countries are not follow the prisoners right in their prisons. The prisoners always treating violently and one of these countries that I have discovered is EGYPT. In 2008 more than twenty prisoners has died in town in Egypt called Assuit and mostly inmate have injured during unrest at a jail. Moreover, the violence continued more than three hours then the police used tear gas to get the control back of the jail. Nevertheless, the police punished all the prisoners and they decided to put him a lone in the prison. During the solitary the prisoner had died. (UNKNOWN,2008) in additions, the Amnesty international has received consistent report that these jails lack adequate medical care and the prisoners are held in cramped conditional and unsanitary and the food is absolutely horrible and its not sufficient for all the prisoners. Moreover, the police are treating them in violent way. Consequently, these poor conditional have led many detainees died and the diseases spread rapidly throughout prisons. Many illnesses were spread in the prisons. For instance, asthma, pulmonary pneumonia and skin diseases. (UNKNOWN, 1997) the principle reason is that they do not follow the prisoners rights. Furthermore, the prisoner became much more aggressive when he finishes his period. The prisoners right says convicted prisoners should have many things. For instance, visits, letters, newspapers and books, medical treatment (etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.). (Prisoners Rights). The second country in the Middle East which is treating their prisoners in violence way is Jordan. In fact, in 2006 the human right in Jordan said we should stop what is happening in the prisons. The torture of prisoners is a routine phenomenon in these days. It was flagrant violation of human rights in Jordan prisons. In addition, the complains of torture and abuse increasing rabidly last few years and the most people who treating badly than other is MUSLIM people ((IRIN) Human Rights 2010).However, the go vernment of Jordan were looking to solve the entire problem regarding prisons so, beginning in April 2006 Management of Jordanian prisons undertook a plan to reform all the prisons in Jordan because of the what is happening in the prisons. Public security department haired firm from the United Stats TO help them to keep the control in the prisons and to training people who working in the prison. In addition, these reform efforts have received huge support from the citizens. King Abdullah called on the government to present a reform plan. In 2007 General Mazem AL Gadi was focusing in maintain to improve the process of the people who are working in prisons and in the centres of rehabilitation system. As a result, the improvement was clear. They opened new prisons. There is prison in Jordan which is has very bad reputation in terms of torture. Moreover, this prison became one of the best prisons in Jordan. Because they stop using torture in treatment. and the government started to sepa rating the detainees between convicted prisoners and the prisoners who might be innocent. The prisoners behaviour changed after using a new system which rehabilitate them and respect them and helping them to start a new successful life (Human Rights watch 2008). We can infer that the rehabilitation system works in prisons and it making a huge improvement in society because the number of prisoners in the world is so high so, if we treat them nicely we can make a huge improvement in our community. on the other hand, the prisons in Britain are much better than Egypt and Jordan. The prison service in Britain has the responsibility of working the prison system and the prisons worked by private companies (CRIMINAL JUSTICE). The purpose of the rehabilitations system is making prisoners better and gets them ready to start a new successful life. In addition, in 1964 the view of prison rules discovered that the purpose of treating and treatment of convicted prisoners is to encourage and assist the detainees to lead a good and successful life. In 1969 the people in prisons saw that the prisons as being hold people were acceptable to society as it is absolutely possible to encourage the prisoners to rehabilitate them to start a good and better new life. After a few years, the document was looking for dignity and respect for the detainees and they were still searching of hope regarding the idea of rehabilitations of prisoners. Moreover, the view had changed in 1977 it was started to give a small support for the view of imprisonment and how can we change prisoners behaviour. After two years more, the review of United Kingdom prison services we think that the rhetoric of treatment and training has had its day and should be replaced. In addition, it was suggested that the prisons should be involve positive custody and that the prisons should be helpful and purposive communities (home office in 1979) (CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND PENOLOGY 2004).One of the significant factors that to distinguish the situation in the UK is that intensity of media which is inform the citizens regarding what is happening in the UK prisons to get the feedback to improve any things that it should does. However, there is a disadvantage from the media from some countries because they often claimed that the UK send more of its population to prison that the other European countries. This propaganda leads some people to believe that the UK send more of criminal to prisons than other European countries. T hese country which claim that are not comparing the countrys prison population with its crime rate. In addition, the recent comparative data indicates that prison in the UK is underused. But we can see from the figure these comparisons show that the government of UK sends fewer of its offenders to prisons than the other countries(FRASER 2006). On the other side, UK has the highest prisoner in jail compared with the whole population, which is reflect its high crime rate. On the other hand, The family connection is absolutely one of the main factors to help prisoners to return in to society. For example, conjugal visits which are showed greater success in reintegrating prisoners back into their communities. (INSIDE TIME NEWS 20010) One of real example is English prisoner tells his story with the rehabilitation system. His name is Bob Turney and he grown up with his brother and his brother was criminal. So, when he reaches 18 he became professional at crime. One day when he was drunk s teal bank then the police arrested him. Moreover, he was arrested around 18 years and he attempted suicide. However, when he joined to the rehabilitation system everything was changed When he started to improve. There were many things in his life that the rehabilitation system supports him to address. Then he was placed in some hostel, and afterwards he return to his own place. He was absolutely exhausted on his past life that he had leading and he started looking for job on building sites to pay the rent. After that he attended a lot of self-help groups and got support with his drinking and drugging. Now when he put his head on the pillow at night he feels comfortable in his own skin. However he feel regret about crimes. The last one was 30 years ago and Ive spent the last 30 years trying to put things right. Rehabilitation is possible for anyone if they want to change (The in depended News 2007). From the statistic of crime it can be seen the percentage of prisoners who become change their life is increasing for the last few years (NATIONAL STATISTIC). However, there is overcrowding the prisons in England and Wales. Also, the case is clearly complex. However, the factors of overcrowding in prisons it can be investigated as firstly, the number of convicted who commit the number of imprisonment offences. Secondly, how long does the sentence take? In other word, the length of the sentence. Finally, the impact of early release system.(Michael Doherty 2004).In some prisons the Detainees are holding in place does not fit all of them. Moreover, the director of Juliet Lyon which is one of the biggest prisons in England and Wales said more prisons will generate high cost. So, the only way to keep for serious and violent offenders is to cut out everything that is not necessary use of violent of custody and the sentence dealing with inflation and the growth of unspecified penalties. Nev ertheless, England is one of the countries that have a bigger number of offenders compared with Europe countries. (Article history guardian 2009). As its written in population of prisons in custody in 2002 is increase five percent from the previous yeas. In this case the rehabilitation system is absolutely helpful to have a better community because this system will control a big proportion of people because from the statistic in 2008 there are 82319 in total. ( David Barrett 2008) The concept which is associated to rehabilitation is treating the offender and reintegration him into society. In 1970s the concept of rehabilitation has been opposed and designated to be failure. Martinson reports, analysed that 231 programs that involved evaluation of treatment methods that used a control group and that employed an independent measure of the improvement secured by the treatment method (Alexander B. Smith and Louis Berlin 1988). Moreover, the conclusion of his report is that there is no noticed effect in the program. However, from palmer evaluation of Martins report by saying Martins ignored the positive trend because he was searching for an across the board or rehabilitation for the offenders around the world. Palmer suggested that Rather than ask what works for offenders as a whole we must increasingly ask which method work best for which type of offenders, and under what conditions or in what types of setting? (Alexander B. Smith and Louis Berlin 1988) From the previous argument, we can reasoned that the rehabilitations and treatment as correctional goal to work and protect the offenders. In short, the rehabilitation system does works in prisons. As we can see from the evidence from people who was in prison and how can the rehabilitation system could change the prisoner completely in terms of behaviour and the way of thinking. So, in my opinion this system supposed to apply everywhere because its absolutely useful for the community, on the other hand, the people who think that is not working and we have to punish him as long as they are in the prisons, I can respond to them is that they are already buying from their mistake by being in the prison. In addition, the rehabilitation system is applied on the basis of rules and laws set by the government its not as arbitrary or randomly.

World War Two and Its Impact on the Role of American Women in Society E

World War II opened a new chapter in the lives of Depression-weary Americans. The United States of America had an unusual importance in the war, it had been spared the physical destruction that had taken place throughout the world. Americans on the home front did not see the fighting and brutality as other countries experienced it. However, the events and changes on the home front due to the World War transformed America. One of the greatest conversions was that of the American woman. Women around the country were transformed from the average house wife into a person with a voice and most importantly a purpose. For the first time women were working in the industries of America. As husbands and fathers, sons and brothers shipped out to fight in Europe and the Pacific, millions of women marched into factories, offices, and military bases to work in paying jobs and in roles reserved for men in peacetime. Women were making a living that was not comparable to anything they had seen before. They were dependent on themselves; for once they could support the household. Most of the work in industry was related to the war, such as radios for airplanes and shells for guns. Peggy Terry, a young woman who worked at a shell-loading plant in Kentucky, tells of the money that was to be made from industrial work (108). â€Å"We made a fabulous sum of thirty-two dollars a week. To us that was an absolute miracle. Before that, we made nothing (108)." Sarah Killingsworth worked in a defense plant. " All I wanted to do was get in the factory, because they were payin more than what I'd been makin. Whi ch was forty dollars a week, which was pretty good considering I'd been makin about twenty dollars a week. When I left Tennessee I was only makin two-fifty a week, so that was quite a jump (114)." Terry had never been able to provide for herself as she was able to during the war. " Now we'd have money to buy shoes and a dress and pay rent and get some food on the table. We were just happy to have work (108).† These women exemplify the turn around from the peacetime to wartime atmosphere on the home front. The depression had repressed them to poverty like living conditions. The war had enabled them to have what would be luxury as compared to life before. As women began to enter the male work force and achieve pride and an income, they became oblivious to the war... ...he was not on the home front, she was a WAC officer. Never before this time had women been given the chance to help defend this country as much as during WWII, non the less a black woman. It was a major break through. The help that Fraser provided towards the war cause enabled her to achieve the GI Bill. She used it in her full advantage (128). â€Å"I used part of the GI Bill to go to Northwestern and then full time to Roosevelt U. (128).† Never before this time had women across the country been given the chance to express themselves and hold responsibilities outside their own households. They felt that they were needed and enjoyed their ability to contribute to the war effort. They were given opportunities to prove to the male society that they could be independent and financially secure on their own. These new opportunities were not only for the white women of the population but also the blacks. World War Two acted as a catalyst for change for the women of the United States. Many feel that it was the beginning of a whole new era for the Women of America. Work Cited Terkel, Studs.  "The Good War": an Oral History of World War Two. New York: Pantheon, 1984. Print.

9/11 :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout history there have occurred many tragic events. On Sept. 11, 2001 and Aug. 29, 2005, two unforgettable event have occur, where is will be remember throughout the ages of the United States history. In this essay I ¡Ã‚ ¯ll be discussing the impact to the life ¡Ã‚ ¯s and the economic changes in the U.S.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the tragic day of 9/11 a day that will be unforgettable, happen in the pages of American history, the unthinkable happen. The terror stuck the heart of the big apple, New York City, two planes crashed into the world trade center and total chaos occurred, and lives have been lost, and many injured. The terror didn ¡Ã‚ ¯t end there, other plane hit out nations capital Washington DC, The Pentagon. Thousands of lives were lost in a single morning, people scatter for help and to be saved, and some die from trying to save them. The aftermath of this tragic event occurred have help brought us Americans close together and to support each other in times of greater needs regardless of all the events that occurred.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On Aug. 29, 2005, a great nature disaster occurred in the city of New Orleans, hurricane Katrina. Flooding and drowning hundreds of people, and destroying billions of dollars building and house and etc ¡Ã‚ ­, these tragic events have cause millions to be homeless and many deaths. In these times of need people fight to survive and to get back what they have lost.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These two events have affected everyone through out the world, many people struggling to live and to move on in life, some just can ¡Ã‚ ¯t let it go, both tragic incidents cause a lot of great pain and lost, an affected the US greatly. The American economic has greatly increase in price of everything, from the food we buy and to the gas use need for our cars, has sky rocketed, because of these tragic event which help rebuild and recover what was lost from these events.

Organizational Performance Management System Essay

In the pursuit of developing most appropriate organizational performance management system, many organizational performance management systems have emerged, making it difficult to choose the best organizational performance management system. The paper reviews the published literature on organizational performance management, and discusses the shift from traditional to new performance management system framework. Also, Balance Scorecard, which is one of the most commonly used approaches in measuring organizational performance, is discussed. Finally, five most important factors in designing organizational performance management are addressed. Introduction In increasingly competitive market, it is imperative that organizations design and implement an effective organizational performance management system to gauge their competitive advantage in the market. An Organization Performance Management System includes multiple activities that help in establishing the goals of the organization, and monitor the progress towards the target. It is used to make adjustments to accomplish goals more efficiently and effectively. Organizational Performance Management System can be best understood through considering the definitions of the words â€Å"performance† and â€Å"measurement† according to the Baldrige Criteria (NIST, 2001): Performance refers to output results from processes, products and services that permit evaluation and comparison relative to goals, standards, past results, and other organizations. Performance might be expressed in non-financial and financial terms. Measurement refers to numerical information that quantifies input, output, and performance dimensions of processes, products, services, and the overall organization (outcomes). Performance measures might be simple (derived from one measurement) or composite. Underlying performance management at both the organizational and employee levels is a set of performance measures. Performance measures with respect to organizational performance are an instrument to assess progress against stated program and organizational objectives. With respect to individual performances it is to assess progress against stated performances objectives, or â€Å"results to be achieved† for individual employees or teams of employees (Good & Carin, 2004). The objective of such system would be to increase the efficiency, effectiveness and performance at both organizational and employee level. The challenge for organizations today is how to match and align both organizational and individual performance measures with business strategy, structures and corporate culture, the type and number of measures to use and how to deploy the measures so that the results are used and acted upon. To address these challenges, organizations have been continually searching for an effective organizational performance management framework. Measuring organizational performance management has variety of uses. As per Vince Kellen (2003) those uses include monitoring and controlling activities, driving organizational improvement, maximizing the effectiveness of the improvement effort, achieving alignment with organizational goal and objectives, rewarding and disciplining. The Changing Role of Organizational Performance Measurement System How to create and measure organizational performance measurement system has been a persistent source of debate. Traditionally, organizational performance management system included measuring financial ratios, such as return on investments, cash flows, and cost of sales. Figure one below depicts traditional performance indicators, focused mostly on financial measures. Figure One Source: Frederico and Cavenaghi 2009 In the recent years the focus has been on measuring non-financial ratios, such as quality, customer satisfaction, safety and other stakeholders. Figure Two shows the new performance indicators, incorporating quality together with other financial indicators. Figure Two Source: Source: Frederico and Cavenaghi 2009 Furthermore, according to Shackleton (2007) financial measures prohibit the guidance and evaluation of an organization’s ability to create future value through investments in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology and innovation. Shacketon agues that the pressure for reporting on corporate performance today, has confronted the traditional managerial mindset of historical models for performance measurement, and has required them to be more innovative. Table one below illustrates the shift in the mindset and provides a comparison between traditional and more recent performance measurement systems. Table One TraditionalInnovative Based on cost/ efficiencyValue-based Performance orientedPerformance compatibility oriented Profit –orientedCustomer-oriented Short-term orientedLong-term oriented Prevalence of individual measuresPrevalence of team measures Prevalence of functional measuresPrevalence of transversal measures Comparison with standardImproving monitoring Aim at evaluatingAim at evaluating and involving Source: Shackleton, 2007 From the table it can be concluded that organizational performance management systems are moving towards relationship-oriented understanding of the whole organization progress. It is clear that financial indicators are not ignored, but treated as one piece of the puzzle in a more complex set of criteria’s in measuring organizational performance. Organizational Performance Measurement Approaches: Balance Scorecard Several approaches for measuring and managing organizational performance management system have evolved over time, including Balance Scorecard, Benchmarking, Business Process Reengineering, Continuous Improvement, ISO9000, Total Quality Management, Stakeholder Approach, and Performance Prism Approach amongst others. There is no single framework or model that will ensure success in implementing an organizational performance management system. Exploring all the approaches is beyond the scope of this review, hence Balance Scorecard is review at length since it most commonly used for measuring organizational performance. Balance Scorecard was developed by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton in 1992. It was developed to remedy the weak and vague performance management strategies developed earlier that mostly concentrated on financial indicators.

Love Is Never Silent Movie Summary

In the 1985 movie â€Å"Love is Never Silent† it is set during the great depression and follows the Ryder family, Abel and Janice two deaf parents of two hearing children Margaret and Bradley. Abel works for a newspaper company on the printing press, Janice is a seamstress. The parents rely on the oldest child Margaret as their link to the hearing world by being their voice. In the beginning tragedy hits the family as the Ryder’s youngest child Bradley falls from their second story apartment and dies. Now that Margaret is the only hearing child she feels obligated to always be available for her parents when they need her.When she goes with her parents to a Mortuary she has to help them purchase a wood box instead of a coffin for her brother because that’s all they can afford. Anytime Margaret’s parents come into conflict with the hearing world they have Margaret taken out of school or later work to interpret for them. The only friend Margaret has and the o nly person to know that her parents are deaf and elderly store owner named Mr. Patrakis, who usually gives whatever her family needs for free. In the middle Margaret graduates from high school and this is where her classmates, their parents and staff find out that her parents are deaf.Mr. Patrakis gives Margaret radio as a graduation gift, she is so excited that she brings it home, plugs it in and her dad seems to be interested and Margaret and her dad start to dance until her mom unplugs it to cook signing that the radio doesn’t belong. Margaret gets a job as a secretary and is still the only link between the deaf and hearing world for her parents. She has so social life and when a handsome man named William shows interest in her she makes excuses not to go out with him. William is persistent though and Margaret eventually gives in and they go on their first date.Margaret keeps the fact of her parents being deaf from William until he purposes to her and William tells her tha t he doesn’t care that her parents are deaf and that he’d love to meet them. In the end Margaret and William elope and this upsets her parents because they don’t want to lose her not only because she’s their only child but also because she’s their link to the hearing world. William joins the military and while he’s gone Margaret invites William’s mother Mrs. Anglin and brother Marshall to her parents’ house for dinner, which doesn’t go well because Mr. and Mrs.Ryder refuse to sign in an even more awkward silence. William comes back injured but not crippled and they live with her parents until he’s accepted into college. Margaret’s parents are sad to see her go but as soon as they can they go see her and it was unannounced. Margaret’s parents are very upset to see the place where she’s living and go to sign how upset they are that William hasn’t provided better for their daughter. Her pa rents never visit her again. The next time Margaret sees her parents is when she’s very pregnant to let them know that they’ll be grandparents.Lastly William and Margaret move into better housing where they will raise their child till William graduates from college. Margaret and William invite everyone to their baby shower after the birth of their son and her parents show up after everyone has gone. Margaret is upstairs with her son and William answers the door and her parents surprise her. When they see each other all the turmoil between them is gone and they enjoy each other’s company. The movie ends with Janice’s retirement party where Abel, Margaret, William and their son go and Janice’s signs a speech that Margaret interprets.

Uol Past Year Paper

This paper is not to be removed from the Examination Halls UNIVERSITY OF LONDON AC3093 ZB (279 0093) BSc Degrees and Diplomas for Graduates in Economics, Management, Finance and the Social Sciences, the Diplomas in Economics and Social Sciences and Access Route Auditing and Assurance Friday, 18 May 2012 : 10. 00am to 1. 00pm Candidates should answer FOUR of the following EIGHT questions: TWO from Section A, ONE from Section B and ONE further question from either section. All questions carry equal marks.  © University of London 2012 UL12/0010 D01 PLEASE TURN OVER Page 1 of 6SECTION A Answer TWO questions from this section and not more than one further question. (You are reminded that four questions in total are to be attempted with at least one from Section B. ) 1. You have just been approached by the newly-appointed Senior Regulator for the financial services (including accounting and auditing) industry in a country which has previously had little or no regulation on the provision of financial information. The Regulator has said that his first priority is to improve the quality of annual financial statements which the major companies in the country publish.The Regulator has established working parties to examine improvements in the quality of accounting and financial reporting practices. Another working party has been established to examine the quality of audit field work. The Regulator tells you that he wants your working party to put forward proposals which will improve the quality of audit reporting. He is concerned that present practices allow individual auditors to report in their own way. This has led to confusion, since there are so many different styles of audit report. The Regulator believes that a standardised approach will reduce this confusion.He is aware that there are international auditing standards on auditing and asks you to examine the possibility of adopting an approach consistent with the international standards. He asks you to look at the following specific aspects of audit reporting: †¢ To whom the audit report is addressed †¢ A reference to the framework of accounting †¢ A reference to the framework of auditing †¢ Some discussion of what can be and what cannot be expected from an audit †¢ The style of opinion on the financial statements, and †¢ Any other issues you think might be relevant.Required (a) (b) Draft a report from your working party on the specific issues mentioned above. (15 marks) Draft an appendix to this report setting out the advantages and disadvantages of a standardised approach to audit reporting. (10 marks) UL12/0010 D01 Page 2 of 6 2. You are the audit partner of Lottolife, a leisure establishment which includes a bar and a restaurant open to the general public. The management consists of a senior manager and three assistant managers; all four are paid a salary with a profit-related bonus.Both the bar and the restaurant are dependent on casual workers who are paid an hourly rate in cash at the end of the week. To record the hours worked, each employee has to ‘clock in and clock out’ using a clock card inserted into a machine which records the time in and out. There is no other check on the accuracy of the recorded hours. Workers are hired after a short interview by one of the assistant managers who completes a form to record the details of the successful applicant. The company has a poor reputation as an employer and expects its staff to work long hours.Consequently employees tend not to stay very long. On resigning, an employee has to sign a form which is endorsed by the assistant manager and is then handed to the Payroll Department so that the employee’s last pay packet can be made up and the employee taken off the payroll. There are never enough applicants to fill the vacancies and almost no applicant is rejected. Both pay and staff morale are low. In an attempt to boost the pay and attract more and better staff, one o f the assistant managers has suggested paying a weekly bonus from the cash tips left by customers.The tips would be divided among the workers rather than being banked as part of the takings. There would be no record kept of the tips which would mean that the workers would not be taxed on their ‘bonus’. It also has a members-only club which is a licensed casino where various forms of gambling take place. Under the licensing rules only trained staff can be employed and these are reasonably well paid jobs. Occasionally if there is a staff shortage on the catering side in the casino, members of the bar and restaurant staff are brought in, given new uniforms and are instructed to help out.Technically this is against the gaming rules, but the casino management consider that if the breach is ever discovered by the authorities, the worst thing that might happen would be the casino having to pay a fine. They are aware however that it is possible that the licence could be withdra wn and the casino could be forced to close. Required (a) (b) Identify possible weaknesses in the control environment in Lottolife. (15 marks) Suggest various audit procedures which might be appropriate in the particular circumstances of Lottolife. (10 marks) UL12/0010 D01 Page 3 of 6 3.You have just been appointed auditor of Bruton’s Ltd, a small family-owned gentlemen’s tailors and clothes shop. It is based in the South-West of England where it has six shops in different towns. The clothes it stocks and sells are at the upper end of the price range, appealing to the wealthier customer. The company, like its customers is old-fashioned. In fact, the decor of the shops has not changed since the 1960s. The head of the family and major shareholder, John Bruton, is aged 86 and sees no reason to change what has for fifty years been a winning formula – a top quality service and a premium price.He dismisses the falling sales and lower profits as simply consequences of t he tough economic climate. The three other shareholders are Bruton’s sons, the youngest of whom is 53. The sons have tried to get their father to change strategy since they have seen similar companies in other regions increase their market share through the internet and through a radical make-over of their retail outlets. They accept that their plans will cost about ? 10m and they will need a bank loan to finance what is effectively a re-branding exercise.They believe, though they have not done a detailed analysis, that internet sales over the next three years would bring in enough cash to repay the loan and enough profit to cover loan interest. After that, there would be clear profit for about ten years until the next rebranding was needed. In addition, the leases on the shops are all going to expire in the next five years. These can be renewed but it will be costly as the premises are all in city centre locations which are highly sought after by companies in the food and dr inks industry.With insufficient cash reserves, Bruton’s would need further bank financing to cover the capital cost of renewing these long term leases. The sons are also urging their father to consider buying in cheaper clothes imported from Asia as way of boosting sales and profits. The father who is very patriotic has rejected this suggestion, choosing instead to stay with British-based suppliers who have served him well since he began in business. Bruton’s accounting system dates from the 1960s. It is mainly manual with sales staff making out a handwritten receipt for each sale.Cash is put through a till but there is no reconciliation of receipts and takings through the till. The shops do have credit card facilities but again there is no reconciliation of sales and card receipts. The main element of control is the presence of one of Bruton’s sons. Each is responsible for two shops which they attend on alternate days. This close supervision has seemed to work well until, Roger, the eldest son, had a heart attack and was unable to work for six months. During this time, his two brothers supervised the six shops visiting one every three days.Roger is now back at work though he only works reduced hours at one location. Required (a) (b) Identify the major elements of audit risk in Bruton’s Ltd. (15 marks) Explain the steps you would have taken before formally accepting appointment as auditor of Bruton’s Ltd. (10 marks) UL12/0010 D01 Page 4 of 6 4. You have just been appointed the Quality Assurance Partner in Raiffes & Co. , Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors. You are currently reviewing a sample of the audit files of five audit clients.Your aim is to ensure that the quality of audit work at least matches and, if possible, exceeds the minimum standard required under the international auditing standards and UK legislation. You have made the following list of items which cause you concern: †¢ In Albany Ltd, the audi t team noted that although accurate inventory records had not been kept during the year, the year-end stock count was tightly controlled and a detailed review of gross profit margins suggested little chance of material error. On this basis the audit manager had recommended signing an unmodified opinion.In Boverton plc, a weakness in internal control had been detected early in the audit. The weakness concerned payroll and may have allowed overpayments to genuine staff and/or payments to fictitious staff. Because payroll is such a sensitive area, the audit team had done nothing more than note the weakness in the audit file, highlighting the issue for partner review. In Chirley plc, the company had failed to comply with the relevant financial reporting standard for pension costs. The matter is one of disclosure rather than measurement.The Finance Director simply will not accept that the standard is correct and insists that he is right. The recommendation from the audit team is to agree with the Finance Director since the accounting numbers are right and the firm should not risk upsetting a major client. In Dalton, a fraud involving the cashier had been discovered. The amount involved was immaterial to the financial statements. When the Finance Director was told about the fraud, he was unmoved, claiming that he knew about the fraud which had been going on since the man was first employed five years ago.The Finance Director said that he allowed the cashier to supplement his salary in this way since it was cheaper than giving him a pay rise. In Exeter Ltd, this was the first year of the audit appointment. The fixed asset register had not been maintained for the last five years meaning that it was impossible to assess from the records how long the assets had been in use. Total tangible fixed assets are material to the financial statements. The team had immediately stopped work on fixed assets concluding that the audit report would have to be modified on the grounds o f disagreement. †¢ †¢ †¢ Required (a) Evaluate the situation in each of the five cases and suggest an appropriate course of action in each including if necessary modifying the auditors’ report. (15 marks) Suggest steps which the firm should take to ensure that all its audits come up tot the appropriate standard. (10 marks) (b) UL12/0010 D01 Page 5 of 6 SECTION B Answer ONE question from this section and not more than one further question. (You are reminded that four questions in total are to be attempted with at least two from Section A. ) 5.Because audit time is not unlimited, sampling is a key component of any audit strategy. Explain the various factors which auditors consider when setting up their sampling plan. 6. Critically evaluate the purpose of an audit from the point of view of the readers of the auditors’ report. 7. You are required to write a general theory of auditing of financial statements. What concepts and assumptions would you include an d what purpose would each serve? 8. Critically evaluate the measures taken in the IFAC Code of Ethics to safeguard auditor independence. END OF PAPER UL12/0010 D01 Page 6 of 6

Steve rubbell essays

Steve rubbell essays Somewhere in Brooklyn in 1943, on December 2nd an extravagant character was born. He would become known as Steve Rubell. Regardless that he was born to a lower-middle class family, Rubell had big dreams and a sense of determination and the ability to bounce back from failure that would help him achieve his goals. Even though, Steve Rubell was more concentrated on tennis during high school, he decided to continue his education at Syracuse University. He graduated with moderate grades. While studying for his masters degree in finance, Rubell met Ian Schrager. They complimented each other: where Steve was outrageous and wild, Ian was calm and shy. From that moment on, they would be best friends. Following his graduation, Rubell was hired at a brokerage firm on Wall Street. During this time, he decided to become an entrepreneur and would never again work for anyone but himself. Rubell began his entrepreneur career in the restaurant business, opening two restaurants in the New York area, and later a chain of Steak Lofts. For help with his chain, Steve hired Ian. They became inseparable business partners. The beginning of their success came from an idea Ian proposed: Why not switch from the restaurant business to the nightclub business? Steve agreed immediately, having realized that they could make more money if they focused on alcohol sales rather than food. The enthusiastic pair opened their first nightclub in Boston but, it was short lived because they preferred New Yorks nightlife atmosphere. Their second attempt was in Queens, with a club called The Enchanted Garden, which held theme parties and had some famous guests. Stubborn as they were, Rubell and Schrager were still unsatisfied with their address; they yearned for a reputable Manhattan location. A party planner named Carmen DAlessio, who agreed to advise the pair on their nightclub endeavo r, showed them an old, empty CBS television studio....